Research in Mechanical Engineering Introduction to Research English Marathi

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Welcome to Prof. Babu Viswanath, who is professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering

यांत्रिकि अभियांत्रिकी मधील संशोधन

here at IIT, Madras. He has a very rich background of various things that he has done before.

प्राध्यापक प्रा. प्रताप हरिदॉस: प्रोफेसर

He has a PhD from Ohaio State University in the United States; he has worked with Ford,

असलेले बाबू विश्वनाथ, आपले स्वागत आहे.

so he has very good industry experience with one of the leading automobile manufacturing companies in the world.

आयआयटी, मद्रास येथे यांत्रिकि अभियांत्रिकी

Here in IIT, Madras, he is also been our placement adviser so, again a lot of industry interaction.

विभागामध्ये त्याने आधी केलेल्या विविध

He does a lot of active research in the areas of high performance computing and caustics

गोष्टींबद्दल त्याच्या खूप समृद्ध पार्श्वभूमी

and propulsion. Propulsion. So, these are all areas that he works on. So, he has a very good experience with both industry and research and so we are very glad

आहे. अमेरिकेतील ओहायो स्टेट युनिव्हर्सिटीमधून पीएचडी आहे. त्यांनी फोर्ड बरोबर काम

that he could join us today and to discuss research in the area of Mechanical Engineering

and various aspects that researchers might encounter through their stay here, at in their research carrier.

केले आहे, म्हणून त्याला जगातील अग्रगण्य

So, Prof. Viswanath, we do have you know Mechanical Engineering is a field that is been around

मोटार वस्तूंनिर्माण कंपन्यां(company)पैकी

for a long time and in fact, I mean I think whenever we talk of Engineering colleges thatÕs

एक उत्तम अनुभव आहे. येथे आयआयटी, मद्रास,

the first thing that immediately comes to mind, Mechanical Engineering is there, it is one of the core areas that is there. So, what you think? Mechanical, Civil.

ते आमचे स्थाननियोजन सल्लागार देखील आहेत,

Sure, sure. And Electrical are 3 oldest branches around in the Engineering. 3 holders branches around.

पुन्हा भरपूर उद्योग संवाद.

So, what do you think what people would think as traditional areas of research in Mechanical

उच्च कार्यप्रदर्शन आणि कौस्टिक(caustic) आणि

Engineering? Yeah traditionally, Mechanical Engineering department faculties can be divided into 3

प्रणोदनाच्या क्षेत्रातील ते भरपूर संशोधन

verticals.

करतात.

One is the so called Terminal Engineering and the other one is the so called Design of components and other things, and the third one is the Manufacturing. So, these are the 3 verticals that you can divide Mechanical Engineering research into. The first one deals with Thermodynamic aspects of design and things like that energy conversion,

प्रा. बाबू विश्वनाथ: प्रक्षेपण प्रा. प्रताप हरिदॉस: तर, हे सर्व क्षेत्रे कार्यरत आहेत. म्हणून, त्यांचा उद्योग आणि संशोधन दोन्हीचा खूप चांगला अनुभव

energy conservation and so on.

The second vertical namely Design, works on the material aspects of equipment and devices

आहे आणि म्हणूनच आम्हाला आनंद झाला

so, once you have a design on paper that has been letÕs say, you are talking about an internal combustion engine or jet engine or comprehensive for a refrigerator, once the

आहे की आज ते आमच्याबरोबर सामील होऊ शकतात

thermodynamic aspects are being looked at and the requirements have been sized, then comes the task of designing the equipment which actually will achieve those goals.

आणि यांत्रिकि अभियांत्रिकी आणि संशोधकांना येथे राहतील अशा विविध पैलूंवर संशोधनाबद्दल

If you letÕs say, you want to achieve a pressure, certain temperature and so on, we need to select materials which will be used to fabricate the equipment which can deliver these kinds of requirements. So, that is the design aspect of Mechanical Engineering.

चर्चा करू शकतात. तर, प्राध्यापक विश्वनाथ, आपल्याला माहिती आहे की यांत्रिकि अभियांत्रिकी हे

The manufacturing aspect logically comes last because, having frozen the design both the

एक क्षेत्र आहे जे बर्याच काळापासून

thermodynamic aspect as well as the materials aspect. Now, it is necessary for us to figure out, how to actually manufacture this component? So far all these designs are on paper, you know, you say, you select such and such material to make the piston rods or piston itself and so on.

चालू आहे आणि खरं तर, मला वाटते की जेव्हा आम्ही अभियांत्रिकी महाविद्यालयांविषयी बोलतो तेव्हा ती प्रथमच लक्षात येते,

But, how do you actually manufacture them? So, that requires that may require special tools, special fixtures, special machines, special machining processors and so on. So, that is the third vertical in Mechanical Engineering.

यांत्रिक अभियांत्रिकी तेथे आहे, तो तेथे

So, if you look at all of 3 of them as a whole, it is end to end design. So, you start from conceptualization, theoretical analysis, energy waste analysis and so on,

आहे की तेथे महत्वाचा एक भाग आहे. तर, आपण

followed by materials and followed by actual manufacturing details of the components. Okay so, of course, these as you mentioned are, may be what immediately come up as a

काय विचार करतो? प्रा. बाबू विश्वनाथ: यांत्रिकि, स्थापत्य.

traditional areas. Correct. So, may be even in association with this or independent of these, are there certain areas

प्रा. प्रताप हरिदॉस: निश्चित, खात्री

that are considered modern areas of research which have come up maybe in let say, the last

आहे. प्रा. बाबू विश्वनाथ:

10 years which are associated with Mechanical Engineering that you think?

आणि इलेक्ट्रिकल अभियांत्रिकीच्या

Mechanical Engineering over the years, what has happened is 2 things have happened. One is the even within the 3 verticals that I mentioned earlier. Things have become very, very special. So if, for example, you look at an application like internal combustion engine let say, Diesel

आसपासच्या 3 सर्वात जुनी शाखा आहेत. प्रा. प्रताप हरिदॉस: 3 धारकांची शाखा. तर, यांत्रिक अभियांत्रिकीमध्ये संशोधन करणारी लोक

engines. The emphasis today as you know is on reducing emissions and pollution and this goal is being pursued in many different funds.

म्हणून लोक काय विचार करतील असे तुम्हाला

One is of course, to look at alternative fuels which are better than hydrocarbon fuels in

वाटते? प्रा. बाबू विश्वनाथ: पारंपरिकरित्या,

some sense so, people are looking at fundamental aspects of combustion of alternative fuels.

यांत्रिक अभियांत्रिकी विभाग प्राध्यापकांना

There are also researchers, who are looking at chemical kinetic aspects of combustion of such fuels with the view to reducing the emissions so, these are new areas.

3 विभागात विभागले जाऊ शकते. एक म्हणतात

Now, further more there are also researchers who are now, who now have the capability with

तथाकथित टर्मिनल अभियांत्रिकी आहे

lasers and high speed cameras and other devices and we now have the capability to actually

आणि दुसरे म्हणजे घटकांचा तथा इतर

take real time pictures of what is going on in an engine, then analyzing them to see whether

गोष्टींचा नियुक्त अभिप्राय, आणि तिसरे

something about the spray or other aspects combustion aspects can be optimized to mere to reduce a emission. So, we now have technology which can take real time images of actual engines.

म्हणजे उत्पादन होय. तर, हे 3 वर्तुळे आहेत

So, these are, within each vertical there have been lots of advancements.

जे आपण यांत्रिकि अभियांत्रिकी संशोधन

And, the other change that has taken place is many things have become interdisciplinary.

विभाजित करू शकता. सर्वप्रथम डिझाइनच्या

Again, if you go back to internal combustion engine example, if you look at an automobile today, everything is electronically controlled.

थर्मोडायनामिक पैलूंशी निगडीत आहे जसेकी

Most of the things are electronically controlled which means, you are working with embedded systems. So, people with backgrounds in Electrical Engineering are coming into Mechanical Engineering

ऊर्जा बदलणे, ऊर्जा संवर्धन आणि अशा

and vice versa. So, these 2 things are happening just say, this is becoming more interdisciplinary and

गोष्टींशी संबंधित आहे. दुसरा ऊर्ध्वाधर

there are also developments within the traditional areas of research itself, things like Mechatronics, things like Nanotechnology which is now being used in Thermal Engineering as well as in Manufacturing also, to get desired finishes, desired quality of machining and things like

म्हणजे डिझाइन, साहित्य आणि उपकरणेच्या भौतिक पैलूवर कार्य करते, म्हणून एकदा का कागदावर

that. So, these are new things which have come into Mechanical Engineering. Very interesting to know. So, when students come in to the Department of a Mechanical Engineering for PhD or an

एक डिझाइन तयार झाले की आपण असे म्हणू

MS program, they do come there with you know, background from a variety of different places that they have been at for their undergraduate Engineering, which could be small towns, big cities I mean well equipped colleges, may be some are new colleges and so on. What do you see are issues that they tend to face during their initial say initial years

इच्छितो की, आपण एका अंतर्गत जाळणारे इंजिन किंवा जेट इंजिन किंवा शीतकपाट साठी व्यापक असलेल्या गोष्टींबद्दल बोलत आहात एकदा, थर्मोडायनेमिक गोष्टी पाहण्यात

here or even through their PhD program is more specifically with respect to your department?

Are there any specific things that they initially find that they are you know unprepared for the need to get up to speed on and so on? The several problems that students from other colleges face, typically over the years that is what I have seen the biggest problem that they have face probably is the regress academic

येत आहेत आणि आवश्यकता आकारल्या गेल्या आहेत, नंतर त्या लक्ष्यांना साध्य करणार्या साधनांचे डिझाइन करण्याचे कार्य येते. जर आपण

processes that we follow.

Unlike, other institutions where for many different reasons, things will not run in the sequence in the rigid sequence that we follow.

असे म्हणायचे, की आपण दबाव, विशिष्ट

Where we have test evaluations the exam papers are discussed in class and some marking schemes

तापमान इत्यादी प्राप्त करू इच्छित असाल

are given to students. So, the process runs you know, runs in such a control fashion that students who are coming in for the first time into the IIT classroom, kind of they are surprised by the when the

तर आपल्याला अशा प्रकारची सामग्री निवडण्याची आवश्यकता आहे जी या उपकरणांची

semester suddenly you face in semester exam and the semester is over. So, you take some of while to get adjusted to the academic process that IIT, where things are very well organized and structures and we have very robust academic processes in

निर्मिती करण्यासाठी वापरली जाईल जी या प्रकारच्या आवश्यकता वितरीत करू शकतील.

place. Now, this is particularly true of a Department like Mechanical Engineering because, it is a probably the biggest department on campus. So, we have about any given time, the department probably has about 1800 students on roll,

तर, हे यांत्रिक अभियांत्रिकीचे स्वरूप आहे. उत्पादनविषयक तर्कशास्त्र तार्किकदृष्ट्या शेवटचे ठरते कारण,

our department alone.

So, it is almost like a mini college. Mini College. ItÕs not a college. Not a college.

आराखडा आणि उष्न्तेसम्बंधी दोन्ही विषयांचे

So, this actually can also be intermediating to the students who are coming in, because the department is very big and at IIT, Madras particularly the officers of faculty and labs

डिझाइन केले होते. आता हे लक्षात घेणे

are scattered all over the campus. So, the department office is in one place, other things are in other places. So, it takes a while for students who kind of get used to this geographic diversity of

आवश्यक आहे की हे घटक कसे बांधतात?

their department. And, the other thing as I said is the academic process. Being a big department, we actually have, we need to have and we do indeed have very robust academic processes because, that is the only way we can deal with such large numbers.

आतापर्यंत या सर्व आराखडे कागदावर आहेत, आपल्याला माहित आहे, आपण दट्ट्या गज किंवा

Emphasized processes will lead to lot of confusion, complaints and unfair in acquisitions of unfair treatment and so on. So, we have very, very well structured syllabi, very well structured time lines, number of lectures for each and so on.

दट्ट्या स्वतः तयार करण्यासाठी अशा आणि अशा सामग्रीची निवड करा. परंतु, आपण त्यांना

And, we also in the department as a department we go through a periodic reviews of our curriculum

कसे व्युत्पन्न करता?

as well as our syllabus to take into account new things that have taken place and also to see whether in a based on a experiences, difficulties that students have, whether some bridge courses are required to make the transition easy for such student.

म्हणून, त्यासाठी आणि अशाच गोष्टींकरिता आवश्यक विशेष साधने, विशेष जोडण्या, विशेष

So, we do that also. But, in terms of say letÕs say preparation for research.

मशीन, विशेष मशीनिंग प्रोसेसर.

Is there something that students you know may not necessarily be even just coming to an IIT, but just their general preparation to face research or to pickup research in

तर, यांत्रिकि अभियांत्रिकीचे ते तिसरे स्तंभ आहे.

an academic setting in the area of Mechanical Engineering. Are there certain things that they are, they feel less prepared for when they come in and

तर, जर आपण संपूर्ण 3 पैकी सर्व बघितले

when they have to you know learn some thing new in addition to just you know specific course work? Yeah, I mean many of the students who come they actually are not very clear about the areas that they want to work in so, that is one major problem for them.

तर ते एक टोक ते दुसर्‍या टोकापर्यंतचा आराखडा आहे. म्हणून, आपण संकल्पनेपासून, सैद्धांतिक विश्लेषणातून,

So, they come here and then they are exposed to the regress aspects of the area that they have chosen and that might perhaps be little bit unsettling for them because, they thought it was something else and this is actually something else. So, that is one thing and in that case we try to work with the students to see whether,

ऊर्जा कचरा विश्लेषण आणि त्यानंतर, सामग्रीनंतर आणि घटकांनंतर प्रत्यक्ष उत्पादन तपशीलानुसार सुरु केले. प्रा. प्रताप हरिडॉस:

something can be more interdisciplinary the research topic, can be made more interdisciplinary or whether they can take courses in certain other topics also and what can areas which

ठीक आहे, नक्कीच, जसे आपण उल्लेख केला

are suited more to their liking. So, those are all done on an individual case to case basis between the guide and the student and it is very much possible to pursue interdisciplinary research also. So, we try to take that into account.

आहे त्याप्रमाणे, पारंपरिक ठिकाणे म्हणून ताबडतोब जे उभ्या होतात ते हे

Understandably, undergraduate students who come here for research many of them, kind

आहे. प्रा. बाबू विश्वनाथ:

of have likes and dislikes but, they are not really sure whether this is something that they want to proceed. To do research on. To do research on.

बरोबर प्राध्यापक प्रदीप हरिदॉस: तर मग याबरोबर स्वतंत्रपणे किंवा

So, they find out whether they are actually prepared academically to do research in this topic, is something that they find out, only after they come here so. But, that is understandable as under graduate students.

याहून स्वतंत्रपणे असू शकतील, काही विशिष्ट

Sure, sure. You cannot really expect them to know everything. Absolutely correct. So, we are prepared to what with the students.

क्षेत्रे आहेत जी संशोधन अभ्यासासाठी

So on is the student is open-minded and willing to make some changes and adjustments and so on, the department is always you know to try to dispatch being so big.

तयार झाली आहेत, असे म्हणण्यासारखे आहेत,

The department always has actually accommodated the individual student needs and requirements

शेवटचे 10 वर्षे जे यांत्रिक अभियांत्रिकीशी

and you know matured that they have a good experience while they are here.