Counter - Intro to Computer ScienceYouTube↗  IA↗(long shot)
Education  1K views 7 likes 3 dislikes   23 Feb 2015
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so a word is just something that has meaning that speakers of the language
単語というのはその言語を話す人が 理解する意味を持つものです
will understand we could define words as
辞書に載っているものが単語と定義するならば
just what's in the dictionary and then there would be a clear answer for that
最も長い単語は何かという問いに対する解答は 明らかになります
but certainly there are lots of things that are words that aren't in the
しかし辞書にない単語も多くあります
dictionary and the important thing about
単語について重要なのは
words is we have rules for making new
新しい単語を作るルールがあるということです
words for example we have a rule that says if we have a word we can make a new
例えばある単語に対し 単語の前に反対を意味する語を加え
word by adding counter in front of the old word I'm using the same notation
新しい単語を作ることができるという ルールがあります
that we used back in unit 1 this is the
レッスン1で使用されたものと同じ表記を使用します
BNF replacement grammar if you need a
これはバッカス・ナウア記法です 復習が必要でしたら
refresher on this please go back to the
レッスン1で説明している映像に戻ってください
video that introduced that in unit 1 but the basic property is that we can
基本的な性質は左辺と右辺にある要素を
replace what's on the left side with
取り換えることができるということです
what's on the right side so anytime we have a word we can replace it with
単語はいつでも反対語にすることができるのです
counter word and the meaning of the new word is something that goes against the
新しい単語の意味は元の単語の意味と反対になります
original word so if we started with the word intelligence and I mean this in the
intelligenceという言葉から始めましょう
sense of spycraft not in terms of smarts
この場合intelligenceは知性ではなく 諜報活動を意味します
well then we can use the rule we could make the word counter intelligence
ここでルールを適用させ 反諜報活動という反語を作ることができます
intelligence was a word we added counter
諜報活動は単語です 反対という意味を持つ接頭語をつけ
in front of it to make counter
反諜報活動という単語を作ります
intelligence and that means trying to thwart intelligence from the enemy we
敵の諜報活動を妨害する試みという意味になります
can use the rule again so now this is a
再びルールを適用させると これは現在1つの単語なので
word and we could replace this word with counter in front of that word and we get
さらに反対を意味する接頭語をこの単語の前に置けば
counter counter intelligence and that
反反諜報活動という単語となります
would be trying to thwart the enemy's counter intelligence that's preventing
敵の反諜報活動を妨害するという意味になり 諜報活動を抑止するということになります
you from getting intelligence and we
これを続けていきます
could keep doing that we could have counter counter counter intelligence and
反反反諜報活動という語を作ります
so forth and these are words that once we get up to at least three counters
同じようにして反対を意味する接頭語を 3つ以上つけると元の意味とは異なってきます
it's not something that's used before but it's still something that has a
しかし単語はまともな意味を持つものであり
sensible meaning and we could do this
この処理を他の単語にもすることができます
further words so we saw that one of the
私たちは最も長い単語の1つである単語を見ましたね
very long words was this hippo Potamus monstrous sicko follow bia and if you
hippopotomonstrosesquipedaliophobiaです
knew that this word meant fear of long words and even if you've never seen the
そしてこの単語は“長い単語恐怖症“を意味すると 分かったかもしれません
word counter in front of that before so
元の単語に反対を意味する接頭語がついたものを 初めて見たとしてもです
now we can make the new word counter hippo Pato monstrously Peter Hawley phobia
もう皆さんは 反hippopotomonstrosesquippedaliophobiaという 新しい単語を作ることができます
quite a mouthful but even though you've
舌をかみそうですね あなたはこの単語を見たことはないかもしれません
never seen that word before and I expect most of you have never seen that word
私は皆さんのほとんどが その単語を見たことがないと思っています
before well you could guess that this is something that goes against the fear of
長い単語に対する恐怖は なくなってきたと思いませんか？
long words maybe there's some new medication that cures people of this phobia and you could also figure out
長い単語恐怖症から人々を助ける新しい治療法が あるのかもしれません
well if there was a counter counter hippo and so forth phobia well that
皆さんは長い単語恐怖症に対して 逆の逆に働く接頭語があると 考えているかもしれませんが
would be something that counteracts the counter hippo and that might be
それはアンチ長い単語恐怖症に 逆に作用するものかもしれません
something where this new drug doesn't work if you have too much coffee then
コーヒーの飲みすぎで 薬が効かなくなるのかもしれません
coffee would be a counter counter hippo so forth phobia so the point is because English has this rule that allows us to
その時はコーヒーが長い単語恐怖症に対して 逆の逆に働くでしょう つまり英語には元の単語から 新しい単語を作ることができるルールがあるので
make new words from old words there's no such thing as the longest word we can
最も長い単語など存在せずすべての単語から
always make a longer word starting from any word that we have if you remember
常に最も長い単語を作ることができるということです
how BNF grammars work then you should be
バッカス・ナウア記法の働きについて覚えていれば
able to answer the next quiz
次の小テストに答えることができるはずです
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