Environmental Science Bozeman Science English (auto-generated) English

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hi it's mr andersen and this is ap environmental science video one it's the first in a series of

Hi. It’s Mr. Andersen and this is AP Environmental Science video 1. It is the first in a series

videos for ap environmental science which is the study of the interactions

of videoes for AP Environmental Science, which is the study of the interactions between the

between the systems of the earth and the human systems and i remember visiting shanghai and

systems of the earth and the human systems. And I remember visiting Shanghai and looking

looking across the bond and thinking wow we have so many people on our planet

across the Bund and thinking, Wow. We have so many people on our planet. We are pushing

we're pushing well beyond 7 billion that's going to put pressure on the

well beyond 7 billion. That is going to put pressure on the earth. And understanding how

earth and understanding how that works is incredibly important and so ap environmental science will

that works is incredibly important. And so in AP Environmental Science we will study

study the interactions between the natural systems and the human systems

the interactions between the natural systems and the human systems. So we will begin with

so we'll begin with the earth itself and then we'll move through living systems

the earth itself. And then we will move through living systems. And finally we will get to

and finally we'll get to the populations that make up human systems the rest of the course will be dedicated

the populations that make up human systems. The rest of the course will be dedicated to

to the interactions between these two worlds and so we'll begin with land and water

the interactions between these two worlds. And so we begin with land and water use. Then

use then energy finally pollution and climate change now since this is a science course it's

energy. Finally pollution and climate change. Now since this is a science course it is incredibly

incredibly important that we study the practices of science what it is to be an environmental

important that we study the practices of science, what it is to be an environmental scientist.

scientist and so this is the outline for the course we'll begin with the earth

And so this is the outline for the course. We will begin with the earth. We will move

we'll move through climate change but we're going to deal with the practices

through climate change. But we are going to deal with the practices throughout. Now what

throughout now what's most important to us as humans are the human populations and so to live within those boundaries it's

is most important to us as humans are the human populations. And so to live within those

important that we understand the concept of sustainability

boundaries, it is important that we understand the concept of sustainability. What happens

what happens when you outstep those boundaries well we could look to easter

when you out-step those boundaries? Well we could look to Easter Island for an example.

island for an example we used to have a flourishing population there but what happened was

We used to have a flourishing population there. But what happened was deforestation. They

deforestation they put pressure on the island itself and their population dropped off dramatically

put pressure on the island itself and their population dropped off dramatically. And so

and so as we study environmental science we'll deal with very important figures

as we study environmental science we will deal with very important figures. But I wanted

but i wanted to begin with a very important figure named rachel carson and she really brought us into the

to begin with a very important figure named Rachel Carson. And she really brought us into

modern age of environmental science her study of ddt and the negative

the modern age of environmental science. Her study of DDT and the negative consequences

consequences of that which are illustrated in her book silent spring really brought that to the

of that, which are illustrated in her book Silent Spring, really brought that to the

forefront of our minds what are we doing and how are we impacting the environment

forefront of our minds. What are we doing and how are we impacting the environment itself.

itself and so this is an environmental science course and so like any other science

And so this is an environmental science course. And so like any other science course we are

course we're going to deal with a scientific method now sometimes students will confuse that

going to deal with the scientific method. Now sometimes students will confuse that term

term with environmentalism now that's going to be a belief system

with environmentalism. Now that is going to be a belief system. So we are going to lobby

so we are going to lobby officials and try to get laws passed that protect the environment that is not

officials and try to get laws passed that protect the environment. That is not environmental

environmental science environmental science is looking for that truth of how

science. Environmental science is looking for that truth of how we can interact with

we can interact with the environment so maybe in the future science will say that ddt is an

the environment. So maybe in the future science will say that DDT is an important tool that

important tool that we could use to fight malaria then we have to follow that pathway and

we could use to fight malaria. Then we have to follow that pathway. And so why is this

so why is this course important well when i was young people used to wear t-shirts that said

course important? Well when I was young people used to wear t-shirts that said Save Our Planet.

save our planet and it's kind of a funny shirt because the planet the earth is going to do fine

And it is kind of a funny shirt because the planet, the earth, is going to do fine. It

it's how we do on that planet that's important to us and so a better slogan is save our

is how we do on that planet that is important to us. And so a better slogan is Save Our

society and why is that a big deal right now well we're starting to exceed some what

Society. And why is that a big deal right now? Well we are starting to exceed some,

have been coined planetary boundaries by johann rockstrom and his group at the stockholm

what have been coined, planetary boundaries by Johan Rockstrom and his group at the Stockholm

resilience center and so if we look at this model we look at all the things that are

Resilience Center. And so if we look at this model, we look at all the things that are

affecting the earth that can then affect society and so the one that you're

affecting the earth that can then affect society. And so the one that you are probably familiar

probably familiar with is climate change but we also have ocean acidification we have ozone depletion

with is climate change. But we also have ocean acidification. We have ozone depletion. We

we have changes in biogeochemical cycling increases in nitrogen and phosphorus

have changes in biogeochemical cycling. Increases in nitrogen and phosphorous. We have fresh

we have fresh water use or the availability of fresh water deforestation biodiversity loss

water use, or the availability of fresh water. Deforestation. Biodiversity loss. Particle

particle pollution and chemical pollution and so what they've done is said how can we exist within the safe

pollution and chemical pollution. And so what they have done is said, how can we exist within

boundaries of the earth so on this model if we say the blue represents

the safe boundaries of the earth. So on this model if we say the blue represents where

where we can safely live this yellow dot represents where humanity was pre-industrialization before the

we can safely live. This yellow dot represents where humanity was preindustrialization. Before

industrial revolution and the spread of industry around the world

the industrial revolution and the spread of industry around the world, these were our

these were our levels but now if we look at where we are as far as those boundaries

levels. But now if we look at where we are as far as those boundaries, as far as climate

as far as climate change we are increasing the climate the temperature

change, we are increasing the climate, the temperature. And as a result we are going

and as a result we're going to have consequences that are beginning to affect society and will continue to

to have consequences that are beginning to affect society and will continue to affect

affect society we're looking at a three degree increase which is incredible

society. We are looking at a thee degree increase which is incredible. But if we look at these

but if we look at these other ones ocean acidification ozone depletion or increase in the amount of nitrogen

other ones, ocean acidification, ozone depletion, our increase in the amount of nitrogen in

in the biosphere phosphorus if we look at fresh water use deforestation

the biosphere. Phosphorous. If we look at fresh water use. Deforestation. Biodiversity

biodiversity losses a lot of scientists say we are headed into the sixth

loss. A lot of scientists are saying that we are headed into this sixth extinction,

extinction that caused by humans now we don't have good models for pollution but

that caused by humans. Now we do not have good models for pollution, but if you put

if you put our earth back we are exceeding these boundaries we are putting pressure on the earth

our earth back, we are exceeding these boundaries. We are putting pressure on the earth. Now

now the earth will survive but humans may not survive in the numbers that we

the earth will survive, but humans may not survive in the numbers that we are today.

are today and so that's why it's important we have to live within the boundaries of the earth

And so that is why it is important. We have to live within the boundaries of the earth

itself and so sustainability is incredibly important now a model that works is since industry

itself. And so sustainability is incredibly important. Now a model that works is since

brought us to this point industry is going to have to bring us

industry brought us to this point, industry is going to have to bring us back. And so

back and so this model works for me if you think of the earth as this boundary of life support and society

this model works for me. If you think of the earth as this boundary of life support and

exists within that then what's at the center what drove

society exists within that, then what is at the center? What drove industrialization?

industrialization it's the economy and so as we come up with solutions for sustainability

It is the economy. And so as we come up with solutions for sustainability, it is not enough

it's not enough to just say that we should save the earth because that's good

to just say that we should save the earth because that is good. Or we should be altruistic

or we should be altruistic in that it has to be an economical driver that's pushing that sustainability another term that you'll

in that. It has to be an economical driver that is pushing that sustainability. Another

hear a lot is the idea of an ecological footprint

term that you will hear a lot is the idea of an ecological footprint. Since we, I live

since we i live in a developed country i'm using more resources on our planet than

in a developed country, I am using more resources on our planet than other people in developing

other people in developing countries and so as they become developed that's going to put even more pressure

countries. And so as they become developed that is going to put even more pressure on

on the planet and so that's why this course is incredibly important

the planet. And so that is why this course is incredibly important. It is also why this

it's also why this is unlike the other sciences that you've probably taken it's

is unlike the other sciences that you have probably taken. It is not just going to be

not just going to be science it's going to contain the natural sciences but it will also have the

science. It is going to contain the natural sciences but it will also have the social

social sciences and the humanities as well so we're

sciences and the humanities as well. So we are going to be talking about science but

going to be talking about science but also we'll be talking about ethics and law and politics and so it's really going to

also we will be talking about ethics and law and politics. And so it is really going to

be a fun course to walk through also you should remember that this is a

be a fun course to walk through. Also you should remember that this is a science course.

science course and so as we move forward the ap folks are focusing on the

And so as we move forward the AP folks are focussing on the practices of science. So

practices of science so inside the course itself you should be acting like an environmental science scientist rather and so you shouldn't

inside the course itself you should be acting like an environmental scientist. And so you

just be learning about environmental sciences you should be applying it

should not just be learning about environmental sciences, you should be applying it. So if

so if we start with one of these practices asking questions conducting

we start with one of theses practices, asking questions, conducting investigations, this

investigations this would be a great field investigation for me to do so this is

would be a great field investigation for me to do. So this is the eastern Gallatin, right

the eastern gallatin right outside bozeman and so i could do studies here on water

outside of Bozeman. And so I could do studies here on water quality over time. But I could

quality over time but i could also do studies in the laboratory i should be doing investigations where

also do studies in the laboratory. I should be doing investigations where I am coming

i'm coming up with a question and trying to answer that question case

up with a question and trying to answer that question. Case studies will be incredibly

studies will be incredibly important as well making these connections between what

important as well. Making these connections between what we have learned in the course.

we've learned in the course so you're probably familiar with the deep water horizon there was a fire and that led to

So you are probably familiar with the deep water horizon. There was a fire and that led

this spread of oil so this fire eventually there was a breach of the pipe and now

to this spread of oil. So this fire, eventually there was a breach of the pipe, and now we

we have oil spreading so to look at where we are this is in the gulf of mexico

have oil spreading. So to look at where we are, this is in the Gulf of Mexico. This is

this is florida and so we're looking at this area right here you can see so much

Florida. And so we are looking at this area right here. You can see so much oil is spread

oil is spread out and in each of these case studies there is something happening to the

out. And in each of these case studies there is something happening to the environment.

environment and so we have to understand all the ramifications of that and lots of times

And so we have to understand all the ramifications of that. And lots of times it takes decades

it takes decades to figure out what really has happened and then finally you are going to take

to figure out what really has happened. And then finally you are going to take an AP exam

an ap exam at the end and so understanding how that ap exam is important right now to understand

at the end. And so understanding how that AP exam is important right now to understand

what can you do throughout the course to kind of prepare for that and so analyzing data using mathematics

what can you do throughout the course to kind of prepare for that. And so analyzing data.

is going to be incredibly important so let me briefly talk about the test

Using mathematics is going to be incredibly important. So let me briefly talk about the

and so the first section will be multiple choice you're going to have 100

test. And so the first section will be multiple choice. You are going to have 100 questions.

questions you get 90 minutes to answer those questions some will be discrete by themselves and

You get 90 minutes to answer those questions. Some will be discrete by themselves and some

some will come in big sets so you might have a map and be

will come in big sets. So you might have a map and try to point to different geology

trying to point to different geology on the planet and then you'll move into the free response in the free response you're

on the planet. And then you will move into the free response. In the free response you

going to have one question that's going to be based in a data set

are going to have 1 question that is going to be based in a data set. And so understanding

and so understanding how to analyze data both on the multiple choice and the free

how to analyze data, both on the multiple choice and the free response is incredibly

response is incredibly important you'll then have one document based question it's always on this pretend

important. You will then have 1 document based question. It is always on the pretend city

city name fremont so it's a article in the fremont gazette for

named Fremont. So it is an article in the Fremont Gazette, for example. And so you are

example and so you're going to have to analyze that so connecting the knowledge

going to have to analyze that. So connecting the knowledge that you have learned is incredibly

that you've learned is incredibly important and you're also going to have to do a lot of calculating and what's

important. And you are also going to have to do a lot of calculating. And what is interesting

interesting is there's no calculator so prepare for that so understanding

is there is no calculator. So prepare for that. So understanding how to solve simple

how to solve simple problems just using mathematics dimensional analysis and scientific notation that's incredibly

problems just using mathematics, dimensional analysis and scientific notation. That is

important as well and so did you learn the following could

incredibly important as well. And so did you learn the following? Could you fill out this

you fill out this concept map well you could pause the video right now and try to do that but i'll step you

concept map? Well you could pause the video right now and try to do that. But I will step

through it and so what is environmental science

you through it. And so what is environmental science? It is the interactions between the

it's the interactions between the natural systems and the human systems that will be the earth systems and the

natural systems and the human systems. That will be the earth systems and the living systems

living systems interacting with populations and so this is interactions right here

interacting with populations. And so this is interactions right here. We will start

we'll start with land water use energy we move towards pollution and the

with land water use, energy. We move towards pollution and the pressures we are putting

pressures we're putting on the earth and global change and remember that you want to focus on

on the earth and global change. And remember that you want to focus on the practices.

the practices so hopefully you've learned that and i hope that was helpful

So hopefully you have learned that. And I hope that was helpful.