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"Longer Life Within Walking Distance"
„Delší život v rámci docházkové vzdálenosti“
Physical inactivity has been called the biggest public health problem of the 21st century.
Nedostatek fyzické aktivity byl označen za problém veřejného zdraví 21. století.
Of course just because someone calls it that doesn't mean it's true.
Samozřejmě jen proto, že někdo něco prohlásí, to ještě nemusí být pravda.
In fact physical inactivity ranks down at #5 in terms of risk factors for death,
Ve skutečnosti je nedostatek fyzické aktivity považován až za 5. nejčastější rizikový faktor
and #6 in terms of risk factors for disability.
úmrtí a 6. nejčastější rizikový faktor pro zdravotní postižení.
Diet is by far our greatest killer, followed by smoking.
Zdaleka největším vrahem je naše strava, hned za ní je kouření.
But still, there is irrefutable evidence of the effectiveness of regular physical activity
Ale přesto existují nepochybné důkazy o účinnosti pravidelné fyzické aktivity
in the prevention of several chronic diseases— cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer,
v předcházení několika chronických onemocnění, kardiovaskulárních onemocnění,
hypertension, obesity, depression and osteoporosis, as well as premature death,
cukrovky, rakoviny, hypertenze, obezity, deprese a osteoporózy, ale i předčasné smrti.
adding an additional one or two years onto our lifespan,
Pohyb nám může prodloužit život o jeden až dva roky.
helping to add years to our life, and above all life to our years.
Pomáhá nám přidat roky do našeho života, a co především, život do našich let.
It truly may be survival of the fittest.
Může to tady tedy být o přežití nejsilnějších, přesněji těch nejvíce fit.
How much do we need to exercise?
Jak moc pohybu je zapotřebí?
In general, the answer is the more the better.
Obecně platí, že čím více, tím lépe.
Currently, most health and fitness organizations advocate a minimum of a thousand calories burned of exercise a week,
V současné době většina zdravotnických a fitness organizací doporučuje spálit nejméně
which is like walking an hour a day five days a week,
tisíc kalorií týdně, dát si například 5x týdně hodinovou vycházku.
but seven days a week may be even better in terms of extending one's lifespan.
Pokud nám jde o prodloužení života, chození 7 dní v týdnu může být ještě lepší.
Moderate intensity can be practically defined by the talk but not sing test,
Přiměřená rychlost pohybu se dá poznat tak, že jste ještě schopni mluvit,
where you can still carry on a conversation, but would feel breathless if trying to sing.
tedy udržet konverzaci i za pohybu, ale zpívání by vás už připravilo o dech.
Exercise is so important that not walking an hour a day is considered a high-risk behavior,
Pohyb je tak důležitý, že pokud denně nenachodíme hodinu, lze to považovat
alongside smoking, excess drinking and being obese.
za rizikové chování společně s kouřením, nadměrným pitím alkoholu a obezitou.
Having any one of these effectively ages us three to five years in terms of risk of dying prematurely,
Pokud se nás jeden z těchto prvků týká, z hlediska předčasného úmrtí lze říci,
though interestingly those that ate green vegetables on a daily basis did not appear to have that same bump in risk.
že nás to udělá o 3-5 let staršími. Zajímavé je, že lidé, kteří denně jedí zelenou zeleninu,
But even if broccoli-eating couch potatoes do live as long as walkers,
nemají stejný nárůst rizika. I kdyby však leniví konzumenti brokolice žili stejně dlouho
there are a multitude of ancillary health benefits to physical activity,
jako pravidelní chodci, pohyb stále poskytuje řadu dodatečných přínosů pro naše zdraví.
so much so that doctors are encouraged to prescribe it,
Je tak prospěšný, že i lékaři jsou nabádáni k tomu, aby ho pacientům předpisovali.
to signal to the patient that exercise is medicine, in fact powerful medicine.
Mají pacienty upozorňovat na to, že pohyb je lék, vlastně hodně silný lék.
Researchers at the London School, Harvard and Stanford compared exercise to drug interventions
Výzkumní pracovníci z London School, Harvardu a Stanfordu srovnávali pohyb
and found that exercise often worked just as well as drugs
s léčbou pomocí léčiv. Zjistili, že pohyb často účinkoval stejně dobře jako léky.
for the treatment of heart disease and stroke, and the prevention of diabetes.
Jednalo se o léčbu srdečního onemocnění a mrtvice i prevenci cukrovky.
Of course there's not a lot of money to fund exercise studies,
Samozřejmě k financování studií o fyzické aktivitě nemáme příliš prostředků.
so one option would be to require drug companies to compare any new drug to exercise.
Jednou z možností by bylo po farmaceutických společnostech požadovat, aby každé léčivo
In cases where drug options provide only modest benefit,
porovnali s účinky tělesného pohybu. V případech, kdy léky poskytují jen malé
patients deserve to understand the relative impact that physical activity might have on their condition.
přínosy, si pacienti zaslouží porozumět poměrnému dopadu fyzické aktivity
We could throw diet into the mix, too.
na své zdraví. Mohli bychom tam vměstnat i stravu. Úřad pro kontrolu potravin a léčiv
Yes, the FDA could tell drug companies, your new drug beats out placebo, but does it work as well as kale?
by se mohl farmaceutických společností ptát, jestli jejich lék porazí kromě placeba i kapustu.
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