Synthesis and Decomposition Reactions Bozeman Science English English (auto-generated)

Synthesis and Decomposition ReactionsYouTube↗ IA↗(long shot)
Education 78.8K views 470 likes 37 dislikes 29 Aug 2013

Bozeman Science 1.4M subscribers N/A YouTube↗

Click to Play Video

hi it's mr. Andersen and this is

Hi. It's Mr. Andersen and this is chemistry essentials video 29. It's on synthesis and decomposition

chemistry essentials video 29 it's on synthesis and decomposition reactions if

reactions. If I were to ask you which of the two reactions you see on the left is a decomposition

I were to ask you which of the two reactions you see on the left is a decomposition reaction the tendency is

reaction, the tendency is to choose the rusting railroad car. And the reason why is it looks

to choose the rusting railroad car and

like it's breaking down. But if you think about it, what is rust? Rust is a combination

the reason why is it looks like it's breaking down but if you think about it what is rust rust is a combination of

of iron and oxygen and so this is actually a synthesis reaction. And so if we ever take

iron and oxygen and so this is actually a synthesis reaction and so if we ever

atoms and molecules and combine them together to make a new compound, then we've got a synthesis

take atoms and molecules and combine them together to make a new compound then we've got a synthesis reaction so

reaction. So what's an example of that a decomposition? The breakdown of water into oxygen and hydrogen

what's an example of a decomposition the breakdown of water into oxygen and

gas is going to be an example of that. And so if we take atoms or molecules and we combine

hydrogen gas is going to be an example of that and so if we take atoms or molecules and we combine them together

them together to form a new compound, we call that a synthesis reaction. We're making something.

to form a new compound we call that a synthesis reaction we're making

Likewise, if we take a compound and break it down into atoms or molecules we call that

something likewise if we take a compound and break it down into atoms or

a decomposition reaction. Lot's of times that will generate a little bit of heat. We can

molecules we call that a decomposition reaction lots of times that'll generate a little bit of heat we can use both of these

use both of these reactions in the chemistry lab to do simple stoichiometry and practice

reactions in the chemistry lab to do simple stoichiometry and practice our

our lab techniques. And so synthesis reactions are when we are taking atoms and molecules

lab techniques and so synthesis reaction are when we're taking atoms and

and combining them together. So let me give you a couple of examples. Let's say we take

molecules and combining them together so let me give you a couple of examples

magnesium. Get it a little bit hot. And then allow it to combine with oxygen. It's going

let's say we take magnesium get it a little bit hot and then allow it to

to make magnesium oxide. And so when it's done you're going to have a new solid that's

combine with oxygen it's going to make magnesium oxide and so when it's done you're going to have a new solid that's

created. We're taking a solid and a gas. And we're making a new solid out of it. Another

creating we're taking a solid and a gas and we're making a new solid out of it

example of a synthesis reaction could be the carbonation of water. And so this is me adding

another example of a synthesis reaction could be the carbonation of water and so

a little bit of carbon dioxide to my soda stream at home. And what's going to happen

this is me adding a little bit of carbon dioxide to my SodaStream at home and

inside there is that the carbon dioxide is going to combine with the water. And it's

what's going to happen inside there is that the carbon dioxide is going to

going to make carbonic acid. So that carbonic acid is going to lower the pH to around 4

combine with the water and it's going to make carbonic acid so that carbonic acid is going to lower the pH to around 4 and

and it's going to change the taste of that carbonated beverage. What's decomposition

it's going to change the taste of that carbonated beverage what's decomposition

then? It's when we're taking a compound and breaking it down. So here's an example. If

then it's when we're taking a compound and breaking it down so here's an

we take sodium azide and break it down into sodium metal and nitrogen gas, that would

example if we take sodium azide and break it down into sodium metal and nitrogen gas that'd be a decomposition

be a decomposition reaction. So if we have one reactant and two products it's a good

reaction so if we have one reactant two

idea that this is probably decomposition reaction. Where is an example of this actual reaction?

products it's a good idea that this is probably decomposition reaction where as an example of this actual reaction well

Well this was used in early airbags. And so what you can do is you can put some sodium

this was used in early airbag and so what you can do is you can put

azide inside the bag right here. It's totally stable. But if you add a little bit of heat

some sodium azide inside the bag right here it's totally stable but if you add

to it, so there's an ignitor inside there, it's going to quickly break into sodium and

a little bit of heat to it so there's an igniter inside there it's going to quickly break into sodium and sodium and

nitrogen gas. And that nitrogen gas is going to fill up the bag really quickly. Now you

nitrogen gas and that nitrogen gas is going to fill up the bag really quickly

could imagine a bunch of nitrogen in there is not a good thing. That's highly reactive

now you could imagine a bunch of nitrogen in there is not a good thing

as well. And so they also put chemicals in here that react with the sodium. Another

that's highly reactive as well and so they also put chemicals in here that react with the sodium another example

example could be right here. I'm taking hydrogen peroxide and then I'm simply adding a catalase

could be right here taking hydrogen peroxide and then I'm simply adding a

to it. I'm adding an enzyme that's found in yeast. And so the yeast isn't part of the

catalyst to it I'm adding the enzyme that's found in yeast and so the yeast

chemical reaction. It just serves as a catalase. And so what I can do is I can add hydrogen

isn't part of the chemical reaction it just serves as a catalyst and so what I can do is I can add hydrogen peroxide to

peroxide to it. Seal it up. And I can give it a little bit of a shake. And what it's

it seal it up and I can give it a little

going to do is it's going to break down into water. And then it's going to breakdown into

bit of a shake and what it's going to do is it's going to break down into water and then it's going to break down into

oxygen. And that oxygen is going to fill up the bag. Now if you feel the bottom of the

oxygen and that oxygen is going to fill up the bag now if you feel the bottom of

bag it's going to get warmer and warmer. And the reason why is that we're releasing energy

the bag it's going to get warmer and warmer and the reason why is that we're

as we break those bonds and form new bonds. To the point where it can eventually explode.

releasing energy as we break those bonds and form new bonds to the point where it can eventually explode and so sometimes

And so sometimes you have to let a little bit of that gas go. That scared me. So did

you have to let a little bit of that gas go scared me so did you learn the

you learn the difference between a synthesis and a decomposition reaction? Hopefully. In

difference between us and a decomposition reaction hopefully

this one when we're burning magnesium or combining it with oxygen, that's going to be a synthesis

in this one when we're burning magnesium or combining with oxygen that's going to be a synthesis reaction and could you do

reaction. And could you do simple stoichiometry on that? Well one way to do it would be to

simple stoichiometry on that well one

weigh the magnesium to start. We could put it in a crucible. Heat it up and then we could

way to do it would be to weigh the magnesium to start we could put it in a crucible heat it up and then we could

weigh it when it's done. We could figure out the mass of the products and we could work

weigh it when it's done we could figure out the mass of the products and we

backwards to figure out how much oxygen is actually being added. And I hope that was

could work backwards to figure out how much oxygen is actually being added and

I hope that was helpful

Similar videos:

Reversible Reactions
Bozeman Science
79K views 340 likes 18 dislikes 23 Jan 201439% match

The Rate of Reactions
Bozeman Science
171.7K views 1.1K likes 35 dislikes 01 Oct 201336% match

Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions
Bozeman Science
411K views 2.5K likes 245 dislikes 25 Sep 201334% match

Equilibrium
Bozeman Science
193.7K views 1.5K likes 28 dislikes 31 Jan 201432% match

Neutralization Reaction
Bozeman Science
111.3K views 872 likes 33 dislikes 28 Aug 201331% match

The Rate Constant
Bozeman Science
109.8K views 678 likes 22 dislikes 26 Oct 201330% match

Stoichiometry
Bozeman Science
275.1K views 2.3K likes 106 dislikes 28 Aug 201328% match

Redox Reactions
Bozeman Science
441.3K views 3.8K likes 94 dislikes 10 Sep 201328% match

The Rate Law
Bozeman Science
315.9K views 3K likes 79 dislikes 23 Oct 201328% match

Activation Energy
Bozeman Science
348.2K views 2.9K likes 86 dislikes 31 Oct 201328% match

Enthalpy of Reaction
Bozeman Science
198.5K views 1.8K likes 42 dislikes 27 Dec 201327% match

Free Energy and the Equilibrium Constant
Bozeman Science
127.1K views 1.2K likes 28 dislikes 02 Mar 201426% match

Ionic Bonding
Bozeman Science
144.4K views 775 likes 41 dislikes 20 Aug 201326% match

The Equilibrium Constant
Bozeman Science
626.7K views 6.1K likes 215 dislikes 06 Feb 201426% match

Covalent Bonding
Bozeman Science
243.6K views 1.6K likes 69 dislikes 19 Aug 201325% match

Le Chatelier's Principle
Bozeman Science
409.2K views 3.8K likes 103 dislikes 09 Feb 201424% match

Phases of Mitosis
Bozeman Science
1.3M views 17.1K likes 411 dislikes 18 Mar 201423% match

Solubility
Bozeman Science
172.4K views 1.2K likes 36 dislikes 26 Feb 201422% match

Molecular, Ionic, and Net Ionic Equations
Bozeman Science
322.9K views 2.6K likes 114 dislikes 27 Aug 201322% match

Dipole Forces
Bozeman Science
395.1K views 3.7K likes 76 dislikes 17 Aug 201321% match

Light Absorption, Reflection, and Transmission
Bozeman Science
355.8K views 4K likes 238 dislikes 11 Jun 201521% match

Metallic Bonding
Bozeman Science
361.3K views 2.9K likes 148 dislikes 21 Aug 201321% match

Water: A Polar Molecule
Bozeman Science
516.3K views 3K likes 168 dislikes 14 Mar 201421% match

Gases
Bozeman Science
160.7K views 1.2K likes 33 dislikes 14 Aug 201320% match

Using Gibbs Free Energy
Bozeman Science
484.7K views 5.9K likes 121 dislikes 14 Jan 201420% match

Bond Length and Bond Energy
Bozeman Science
167.9K views 1.5K likes 49 dislikes 17 Dec 201320% match

Entropy
Bozeman Science
266.2K views 3.1K likes 53 dislikes 08 Jan 201420% match

Intermolecular Forces
Bozeman Science
311.7K views 2.1K likes 77 dislikes 18 Aug 201320% match

pH and Buffers
Bozeman Science
696.7K views 5.7K likes 175 dislikes 22 Feb 201420% match

Settings Privacy About Contact Donate