Kinetic EnergyYouTube↗  IA↗(long shot)
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The kinetic energy of a body
La energía cinética de un cuerpo
is the one that it possesses due to its movement.
es aquella que posee debido a su movimiento.
Equivalent to half the mass
Equivale a un medio de la masa
times velocity squared.
por el cuadrado de la velocidad.
The bottom block has twice mass and therefore twice as much energy
El bloque de abajo tiene el doble de masa y por tanto el doble de energía
than the above;
que el de arriba;
the bottom block moves twice speed than the above
el bloque de abajo se mueve al doble de velocidad que el de arriba,
then it has four times the kinetic energy of the above one;
luego tiene cuatro veces la energía cinética del de arriba;
these two blocks have the same kinetic energy.
estos dos bloques tienen la misma energía cinética.
We have three cars: the first circulates at 50 kilometers per hour
Tenemos tres coches: el primero circula hace 50 kilómetros por hora
the second at 100 and the third at 200. The kinetic energy of the second is
el segundo a 100 y el tercero a 200. La energía cinética del segundo será
four times greater than the first.
cuatro veces mayor que la del primero.
How many times greater than the first is the kinetic energy of the third?
¿Cuántas veces mayor que la del primero será la energía cinética del tercero?
The potential energy can be converted into kinetic
La energía potencial se puede transformar en cinética
and vice versa.
y viceversa.
In the case of a pendulum is a continuous transformation one into
En el caso de un péndulo hay una transformación continua de una
the other
a la otra,
until the pendulum ends stopping by the action of forces
hasta que el péndulo acaba deteniéndose por acción de las fuerzas
of friction.
de rozamiento.
Another classic example of transformation of potential energy into kinetic energy
Otro ejemplo clásico de transformación de energía potencial en energía cinética
is the roller coaster.
es el de la montaña rusa.
We will measure the potential and
Vamos a medir la energía potencial
kinetic energy of this ball that will drop through an elbow tube.
y cinética de esta bola que bajará por un tubo acodado.
The initial height is 1 meter.
La altura inicial es de 1 metro.
The mass of the ball is 8.9 grams
La masa de la bola es de 8,9 gramos
or 0.089 kilograms using the metric system.
o de 0,089 kilogramos en el Sistema Internacional.
A video camera can be of great help to measure the time accurately.
Una cámara de vídeo nos puede ser de gran ayuda para medir tiempos con precisión.
The ball reaches a speed of
La bola alcanza una velocidad
3 meters per second.
de 3 metros por segundo.
After performing the calculations we get a result of kinetic energy
Después de realizar los cálculos obtenemos un resultado de energía
much lower than the potential energy. Why?
cinética muy inferior al de la energía potencial. ¿Por qué?
Now let's do the same with a pendulum.
Ahora vamos a hacer lo mismo con un péndulo.
in this case we do not know the mass of the pendulum,
en este caso no conocemos la masa del péndulo
but that does not prevent us to compare the potential energy to kinetic.
pero eso no nos impide comparar la energía potencial con la cinética.
We get a potential energy of 0.70 times the mass
Obtenemos una energía potencial de 0,70 veces la masa
and kinetics of 0.69
y la cinética de 0,69,
so that the losses have been minimum thanks to the low friction of the pendulum.
con lo que las pérdidas han sido mínimas gracias al bajo rozamiento del péndulo.
Finally I will show the case of a bouncing ball.
Para finalizar os voy a mostrar el caso de una pelota que bota.
We can observe the following conversions:
Podemos observar las siguientes conversiones:
gravitational potential energy
energía potencial gravitatoria,
into energy kinetic energy to elastic potential energy to
a energía cinética, a energía potencial elástica,
kinetic energy and potential energy gravitational again. ... and if you haven't seen the first part (click on the image)
a energía cinética y a energía potencial gravitatoria de nuevo.
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