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Science & Technology  140.2K views 2K likes 46 dislikes   09 Jul 2014
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"Cooking to Live Longer"
健康に良い調理法は？
Modern Americans are described as eating breakfast in their cars,
忙しいアメリカ人は、車内で朝食を食べ、
lunch at their desks, and chicken from a bucket.
仕事机で昼食を食べ、チキンをバケットから直接食べると表現されます。
Within the last few decades Americans are eating out more and more
アメリカでは外食が増え、
and cooking fewer meals at home,
自宅での調理は減っています。
and food prepared at home tends to be healthier.
でも、自宅で調理すると健康的なことが多いです。
Less saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium, more fiber.
飽和脂肪酸、コレステロール、塩分が少なく、食物繊維が多く摂れます。
And so the benefits to preparing healthful food at home
だから、自宅で調理することは、
may include chronic disease prevention.
生活習慣病の予防になります。
But even during the recession, folks were found resistant to dietary change
景気が悪いときでも、食事の変化を嫌い、
and kept going out to eat or bringing it home.
外食を続け、調理済み食品を持ち帰ります。
Almost half of all fast-food eaten by children is eaten at home,
子どもたちが好きなファーストフードは、ほぼ半数が自宅で食べられます。
so just because they're technically eating at home
だから自宅で食べることが、
doesn't mean they're eating healthy.
健康的ということではありません。
Even when food is prepared at home, it still may not mean much,
自宅で調理することが、必ずしも、
as most dinners were found to incorporate processed commercial foods.
健康的とは言えません。加工済み食品も含まれるからです。
Microwaving a frozen pizza ain't exactly home cooking.
冷凍ピザを電子レンジで加熱することは、自宅での調理にはなりません。
One of the problems is many people no longer know HOW to cook.
外食を続けていると、自宅での調理ができなくなります。
For example, one study reported that 25% of the men
ある報告によると、男性の25%は、
had absolutely no cooking skills, whatsoever.
調理をすることができません。
It is encouraging to see the new wave of interest in cooking,
料理番組をみると、
in numerous television shows, but what are they actually cooking?
料理ができるようになるか？
A study in the UK compared the nutritional content of meals
UKで行われた調査では、
created by television chefs with ready meals, like TV dinners,
TV番組で作るような料理の栄養素は、
to compare both with nutritional guidelines set forth by the World Health Organization.
WHOが発表しているガイドラインを参照にして、
They looked at a hundred of each
100のサンプルを調べると、
and not a single one complied with the nutrition standards.
一つも基準を満たしているものはありませんでした。
And the TV chef recipes were even less healthy than the TV dinners.
TVで紹介されているレシピは、TVで豪華に食べられているメニューよりは 栄養がありませんでした。
Many people just don't know how to make healthy food taste good.
健康的な食品を美味しく調理することは難しいのです。
But this is not a new problem, as an editorial
これは昔から指摘されていました。
in the Journal of the American Medical Association bemoaned back in 1913.
Journal of the American Medical Associationが1913年に指摘しました。
In the United States, vegetables are frequently boiled in a way
アメリカでは、野菜をよく煮込みます、
that deprives them of their characteristic odor and toothsomeness.
野菜に特徴的な香りや美味しさが失われます。
"Villainous and idiotic" are the only adjectives that can describe
アメリカで標準的な野菜の調理法は、
our methods of cooking vegetables in the United States.
とても優れているとは言えません。
Is there any research showing that cooking meals at home actually improves health outcomes?
自宅で調理することが健康的だという研究はありますか？
Do people who cook live longer?
なら調理人は病気にならないはずですよね
We didn't know... until now.
研究が行われました。
Researchers in Taiwan found that those who cook their own food
台湾の研究者は、自分で調理する人は、
are healthier and do indeed appear to live longer.
健康で長生きすると結論しました。
In a 10-year study, they found that those who cooked most frequently
10年間の研究で、よく調理する人は、
had only 59% of the mortality risk.
しない人と比べて、死亡率が59%でした。
And this took into account the exercise people got grocery shopping,
この研究では、材料を買い物する運動も考慮されています。
and physical function, and chewing ability.
身体能力や咀嚼能力も考慮されています。
So why did they live longer?
調理すると長生きする理由は、
Well, those that cooked ate more nutritious foods,
自宅で調理すると、栄養価が高くなります。
as evidenced by their higher consumption of vegetables.
野菜の消費量も多くなります。
The effect on mortality was much more evident in women than in men, though.
とくに女性で、死亡率が低下しました。
Turns out that men were, with doubtful justification,
調理をする男性といっても、
more positive about the nutritive value of convenience foods,
調理済食品を好むひともいて、
so their idea of cooking was more like microwaving a pop-tart,
タルトを電子レンジで温めることも調理に含まれます、
whereas women who cook actually make better food choices.
一方で、調理をする女性は本当に調理をします。
As one author noted, last century we began the long process
研究者が指摘しました、
of turning over to the food industry
この一世紀で、私達が食べるものは、
many of the decisions about what we eat.
食品業界に決定権がある。
Today, our staggering rates of obesity and diabetes are testimony
私達が食べることは、食品業界に投票することです、
to the faith we put in corporations to feed us well.
その結果、驚くべき、肥満率と糖尿病率を記録しています。
But the food industry is a business, not a parent;
食品業界は健康ではなく、ビジネスが目的です。
it doesn't care what we eat as long as we're willing to pay for it.
食品業界はお金さえ儲かれば、客の健康は気にしません。
Home cooking these days has far more than sentimental value;
自宅で調理することは、愛情とか、感情のメリットもありますが、
it's a survival skill.
自分や家族を守る手段でもあります。
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