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Education  149.4K views 263 likes 30 dislikes   08 Feb 2015
Marginal Revolution University 412K subscribers United States YouTube↗


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♪ [music] ♪
- [Alex] Here's the scene. It's cold outside, it's snowing, it's Chicago in the middle of winter.
- Voici la scène. Il fait froid dehors, il neige, Chicago en plein
In fact, it's February, Valentine's Day. And here's our handsome young man
hiver. En fait, c’est le mois de février, la Saint Valentin. Et voici notre beau jeune homme
about to deliver these wonderful roses to someone he's eager to impress. Wait, roses in Chicago in February? Where did they come from?
sur le point de livrer ces merveilleuses roses à quelqu'un qu'il est désireux d'impressionner. Attendez, des roses à Chicago en février ? D'où viennent-elles ? Pas
Not from greenhouses in the United States.
de serres aux États-Unis.
There's not nearly enough. In fact, millions of roses are being delivered on this day
Il n'y en a pas assez. En fait, des millions de roses sont livrées ce jour-là
all over the United States. But where do all the roses come from? A rose is a truly global product. They're grown in countries like Ecuador, Colombia, Kenya.
partout aux États-Unis. Mais d'où viennent toutes ces roses ? Une rose est un véritable produit mondial. Elles sont cultivées dans des pays comme l'Équateur, la Colombie ou le Kenya.
Behind every Valentine's Day rose, there's an extensive network of people from all over the world.
Derrière chaque rose de la Saint Valentin, il y a un vaste réseau de gens partout
>From the farmer to the shipper, to the auctioneer and the retailer,
dans le monde. De l'agriculteur à l'expéditeur, en passant par le commissaire-priseur et le détaillant. Tous
all cooperating to produce and transport roses from field to hand in a matter of days.
coopèrent pour produire et transporter ces roses, du champ aux mains de l’acheteur en quelques jours.
Notice that this amazing process is not centrally directed.
Notez que ce processus étonnant n'est pas dirigé de manière centralisée. Il n'y a pas de planificateur central de la rose,
There's no rose tsar, no parlor bureau production. Indeed, no single individual even knows how the entire process works. Each individual only sees a small part of the whole,
pas de bureau central de production. En fait, aucun individu ne sait même pas comment tout ce processus fonctionne. Chaque personne ne voit qu’une petite partie de l'ensemble, et chaque
and each individual only acts on their self-interest.
personne agit seulement suivant son intérêt. Mais à travers le système des
But through the price system, each individual's local knowledge and local interest
prix, les connaissances locales et l'intérêt local de chaque individu sont coordonnés
are coordinated with the whole, as if, in Adam Smith's words, guided by an invisible hand.
comme si l'ensemble, pour reprendre les termes d’Adam Smith, était guidé par une main invisible.
So on Valentine's Day, I give my wife roses because to me the rose is not just a symbol of love, it's also a symbol of global cooperation
Alors pour la Saint Valentin, je donne à ma femme des roses parce que pour moi la rose n'est pas seulement un symbole de l’amour, il est aussi un symbole de la coopération mondiale
coordinated by the invisible hand. But what is this invisible hand?
coordonnée par la main invisible. Mais quelle est cette main invisible ? Comment
How does it work? In future videos, we'll go behind the metaphor so that we can see the invisible hand,
fonctionne-t-elle ? Dans les prochaines vidéos, nous creuserons cette métaphore afin que nous puissions voir cette
and better understand our world.
main invisible, et mieux comprendre notre monde.
- [Narrator] If you're ready to move on, just click "Next Video." ♪ [music] ♪
- Si vous vous sentez prêt à passer à un autre sujet, cliquez sur « Next video ». Sous-titres par la communauté Amara.org
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